FLAT Legal Journal
The performance guarantee is an EPC employer’s most important financial security line: when the contractor abandons the works or commits a serious breach, it is the fastest money…
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The as-built dossier is a factory’s legal memory: drawings showing the works as actually built, site diaries, acceptance records, material certificates. While the plant runs smoothly nobody thinks…
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Final settlement is when every number in a construction project is closed for the last time: work actually done, approved variations, advances recovered, retention held, penalties and damages.…
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Pressure to start production early pushes many employers to run workshop number one while workshop number two is still under construction. Vietnamese construction law allows acceptance of individual…
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Typhoon season in central Vietnam, a pandemic wave that shuts the site, an administrative lockdown order — these events raise the same legal questions: is it force majeure,…
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Not every delay is the contractor’s fault. When the employer hands over the site late, approves drawings slowly or changes the design repeatedly, the employer itself breaks the…
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In every construction payment round, a small percentage is withheld instead of being paid to the contractor. That withheld sum — retention money — is the security tool…
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How money is released under a construction contract decides who finances whom throughout the project. Milestone payment pays when the project hits preset completion points; measured-quantity payment pays…
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The delay penalty clause is the most familiar deterrent in a construction contract, yet many employers are surprised to learn that an agreed penalty of 15% or 20%…
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Before building a factory, every FDI employer faces its first contracting decision: split design and construction into two contracts with two different partners, or bundle everything into one…
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